Deep learning has revolutionised object detection by enabling end-to-end trainable systems that learn both feature representation and localisation. Early two-stage detectors extracted region proposals ...

Deep learning has transformed agricultural object detection by enabling automated, high-throughput analysis of imagery from drones, tractors and fixed cameras. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ...

Fig. 1(a) illustrates a typical robotic manipulation system. It features a robotic arm equipped with sensors like cameras and end-effectors such as grippers, enabling it to manipulate a wide range of ...